Grapevine diseases, such as esca, which affects 5% to 19% of the vineyards of certain varieties on an annual level, are so destructive that they cause enormous material damage – EUR 8 to 9 billion on a global level. Symptoms can appear on all parts of the grapevine, and viticulturists most often have two days at the most to react once the disease occurs. Due to the limitations when it comes