It became clear to everybody a long time ago that biomass represents a significant energy potential and that it's use contributes to the general picture of a country's energy efficiency. Unfortunately, what also became clear a long time ago is that our country does not use the wealth of these resources.
So far, biomass in Serbia has mainly been left in fields and rare are those who have been using it as a heating fuel. It is true that, for the sake of preservation of the land quality, it is not good to remove it constantly and completely from cultivated fields (30% is acceptable since that does not violate the structure).
The fact is, however, that it is insufficiently used and that it is most often burned or left to languish, although it can also be used differently. Moreover, even the ash created by using biomass can be used for fertilizing fields. Biomass is not only a green mass from cultivated fields, but also waste from the wood processing, fruit growing and viticulture, as well as fertilizers created in the livestock production. Experts say that the use of these alternative fuels results in 30% smaller costs than the use of gas. The calculation is that the introduction of a biomass-powered central heating system for a surface of 150 square meters requires approximately 3,000 euros for the procurement of a boiler, radiators and pipes.
If biomass was used more in rural areas only, the savings would amount to about 3% when compared to the overall energy consumption. We should have in mind that it is not cost-effective to transport biomass to cities since it is the best to use it in the vicinity of its place of origin.
On the occasion of recently held ecology and energy fairs in Belgrade, an expert conference was organized and it gathered Czech experts and businessmen who spoke about their experience in using biomass in their country.
The organizers of that expert meeting were the Embassy of Czech Republic to Belgrade and the Association of Businessmen of Czech Republic SPKJ.
State subventions in Czech Republic
- The main advantage of biomass is renewability and it represents 80% of all renewable sources of energy in Czech Republic, the same as in the European Union - said the representatives of Czech biomass association CZ Biom. They pointed out that the use of biomass as a fuel in Czech Republic had started in 1993, that the state significantly subsidized that production and that the funds from the EU were used as well.
Biomass is stable and easy to store, it produces no greenhouse effects, and it can replace fossil fuels.
Czech experts emphasized that it was suitable for the use in agricultural households, pointing out that the representatives of their country had made a mistake by granting subventions to large consumers, steam power plants and heating plants.
Since the use of biomass is subsidized, the produced electric energy will be cheaper only as long as subventions are used, and then it will become much more expensive than the use of any other source of energy.
As they explained, the problem has occurred due to the construction of many power plants in the meantime. We should have in mind that biomass is suitable only for local communities.
At the moment, households are the largest users in Czech Republic. They consume 13.5 million tons per year and they mainly use the mass obtained from waste wood whose price is about 130 euros per ton.
The boiler and biomass appliances production industry is developing simultaneously and there are currently about 691,000 different kinds of these appliances in Czech Republic.
Some of the manufacturers of these boilers have come to Belgrade on this occasion. In that way, the experiences and product portfolios have been presented by the following Czech companies: Abess s.r.o, KPB Intra s.r.o,
ATMOS, Mosev Plast s.r.o, Cink Hydro –Energy k.s, Step Trutnov, Oryx-Cz s.r.o, STS Tehnologie s.r.o.
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